Goldman Sachs execs still don’t get it

Today’s Goldman Sachs hearing in the Senate is fantastic theater. The kind of theater that makes you want to run to the restroom to vomit.

I’ve been watching the hearing on TV, and I am nauseated to report that they still don’t get it. The world came to the brink of financial ruin, and the people driving the mortgage securities death-machine still can only look back and say that at the time it all made sense. To say that the Goldman Sachs executives testifying lack introspection is like saying that the Black Death was a minor health scare.

Consider the following exchange between Senator Ted Kaufman and Daniel Sparks, who ran Goldman’s mortgage division from late 2006 until mid-2008. Kaufman wanted to know about stated-income loans—mortgages in which borrowers don’t have to prove they make the amount of money they claim to. These loans, which may make sense for rich people with variable income (an entrepreneur, say), came to be sold to all stripes of borrower, including many with subprime credit. Kaufman remarked on one securitization in which 90% of the loans were stated-income. Then he turned to Sparks:

Kaufman: What do you think of the practice, stated-income loans?

Sparks: We weren’t a big originator. I believe we securitized some of that. I believe that a loan has a risk to it that when it’s verified has a different risk to it.

Kaufman: A regulator earlier said it was anathema to the banking business.

Sparks: Again, Senator, we were not a big originator in that space.

Kaufman: But you securitized these loans.

Sparks: Yes, we did.

Kaufman went on to detail how Goldman didn’t just securitize some stated-income loans, but a lot of them. Then the questioning resumed.

Kaufman: What would you think, what would be a reasonable percentage of home-equity loans in a securitization to be stated-income?

Sparks: Well, I’m not familiar. In hindsight, those deals didn’t perform, so I don’t know what a reasonable percentage would be.

Kaufman: Take a wild guess… There was this great sucking sound from Wall Street to get more of these loans into the marketplace.

Sparks: Well, Senator, you would know from your participating in the market what types of investors wanted to buy what risk. I don’t know what the right percentage would be.

Kaufman: 10-15%?

Sparks: It would depend on the deal.

Kaufman: What if I told you 90% was stated income. Would that cause you concern?

Sparks: This particular deal, in hindsight, did not perform well.

Kaufman: Couldn’t it be reasonable to believe that with [that many] stated-income loans there was a good chance a large percentage would fail?

Sparks: Senator, at that time things happened in the market and were accepted by the market that in hindsight look very different than they did at the time.

Kaufman then launched into a tirade about how, if the witnesses in front of him were to be believed, the United States had suffered some great natural disaster—an event that had been in no way been man’s doing. It was if the financial crisis was something that just kind of happened to us.

I am equally as appalled.

It’s not that I think Goldman Sachs and other mortgage securitizers are solely to blame for the real-estate bubble and ensuing financial crisis. Far from it. I think that Sparks made a really good point when he talked about demand for such securities. Investors around the world who thought that they could get more return without taking on additional risk were operating with just as delusional and destructive a mindset as the folks at Goldman Sachs.

Bubbles are bubbles because otherwise rational people start to do irrational things. In the moment, it can be really tough to tell what is a bad idea, what is one deal too many, what is compromising sound judgment in an effort to squeeze out even more profit.

After the mania ends, it is easy to look back and understand how behavior got out of hand. Three years after the credit crunch began, it is shockingly simple to review the tape and say, “Oh, yeah, we shouldn’t have been doing that.”

Unless you work at Goldman Sachs. Time and again at today’s hearing, Goldman executives refused to admit, even in retrospect, that they had crossed a line. Time and again at today’s hearing, they defended their actions by saying that they were rightly responding to market demand—as if responding to market demand somehow absolves one of the responsibility to use human judgment. I kept waiting for one of them to stand up and scream, “Look, we did things we shouldn’t have, we did things that defied common sense, but that’s the nature of an asset bubble! We’re sorry, we are, we’ve learned from our mistakes and we have better risk controls. But you have to know, we’re not bad people. Everyone got out of hand. We’ll own up to own fair share, but please understand that more people than us had a hand in this.”

Unfortunately, that moment never came. Instead, what we got was Goldman executives spending a lot of time leafing through the documents in front of them. Every time a Senator asked a question about a particular email. Leaf, leaf, leaf. “In email number 61…” “Okay, hold on…” Leaf, leaf, leaf. “Um, I don’t see that…” Leaf, leaf, leaf. “Email 61.” “Hm…” Leaf, leaf. Finally, Senator Susan Collins called them out on their little diversionary, time-consuming tactic. Good for her.

And really bad for the rest of us. Because the people who work at Goldman Sachs are terribly smart, and it would be helpful to have them seriously thinking about what went wrong and how we might better manage the financial ecosystem in order to avoid meltdowns in the future. Instead, they seem to be using all their energy to circle the wagons. Senator Kaufman’s question about stated-income loans was open-ended and non-confrontational. What might that exchange have looked like if Sparks had started with, “You know, stated-income loans are great for some people, but not for others. In the bubble, they went to the wrong people. It’s a good question—how do you design products so that they’re not misused?”

What really frightens me in all of this is that it didn’t seem like a legal or PR strategy. It seemed like these Goldman executives genuinely had no ability to take a step back and make observations about the system in which they operate. It seemed like they had been so thoroughly inculcated in the culture of high finance that it was literally impossible for them to do the thing intelligent people are supposed to be able to do in the wake of a systemic breakdown—re-evaluate the assumptions that went into building that system.

Perhaps I was expecting too much out of my fellow human beings. We are deeply shaped by our environments, after all. I just thought—especially after hearing that the Goldman executives agreed to testify without being subpoenaed—that we might learn something useful in these hearings. That we might actually gain some insight instead of just another reason to want to bring these people down a peg.

I was wrong.

UPDATE: I was remiss in not mentioning that Alex Altman has been blogging about the hearings, too, over at Swampland. I made a mistake. I admit that. Boy, was that easy!

Related Topics: Goldman Sachs, Senate, Wall Street & Markets
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  • Matt

    Bad day for Goldman, worse day for Republicans. They do not get that voters are more angry at the Wall Street bankers who destroyed the economy than they are at Congress. No amount of spin will hide the fact that they are siding with the banks on this serious issue.

    http://www.political-buzz.com/

  • http://rodgermmitchell.wordpress.com Rodger Malcolm Mitchell

    Barbara, do you really think it wasn’t a legal or PR strategy? C’mon! These guys were well rehearsed by the lawyers. Nobody is going to admit anything that may have the word “liability” attached to it.

    The hearings are a farce, with the sole purpose: Congressional posturing. If the government thinks laws were broken, there should be trials. If no laws were broken, but the purpose is to gather information, this could be done far more efficiently and effectively in private discussions, with no potential liability.

    There’s no business like show business. Some folks love to be outraged.

    Rodger Malcolm Mitchell

  • Barbara Kiviat

    I think Congressional hearings can be an important deterrent. We’re still talking about the 1994 hearing in which seven tobacco CEOs said they didn’t think nicotine was addictive. I think there was plenty of room today to talk about systemic breakdown without admitting personal liability.

  • ohiopapa

    The Goldman Sachs execs were destined to look bad, no matter what they said. Either:
    1) they admit they made mistakes, and their admissions are used against them, in court or through legislation.
    or 2) they don’t admit mistakes (on legal counsel, of course) and look evasive or clueless, which builds the case for tighter Wall St. regulation.

  • winski

    Barbara:

    Let’s take another perspective on this. The Goldman folks may not “get it” as you have contended, and I agree with you, but they actually DON’T CARE ! By the way, NEITHER DOES ANYONE IN CONGRESS!! Today was all for show. The congress has taken so much bribe money that the only thing they can do is scream, holler, blow off steam and go home for dinner.

    NOTHING will happen from this hearing… NOTHING.

    There used to be a time where LYING TO CONGRESS and blatant commission of FRAUD was actually punishable by imprisonment – consequences.. No more.. These Goldman folks will fly home tonight on their private planes, drink champagne, have a big dinner with their legal team, and all have a big laugh at our expense.

    Now that they have landed us in a $600 TRILLION DOLLAR GRAVE, our influence in the world, in any form of financial influence, will probably be restored in say 100, maybe 150, years… In the mean time we can only watch and learn to eat cardboard hamburgers like the rest of the third world.

  • studentat55

    What do Goldman Sachs need to apologize for…this is business as usual. Congress will drag this dog and pony show for as long as they can get face time, attempt to garner constituent approval and hope to influence future vote for themselves. In the mean time congress is dressing-down the very people who have helped them get into office. If penalties and fines are imposed it will be paid by taxpayer dollars. The only real losers here–once again–will be the American taxpayer. We will once again be ripped-off not only by Sachs, but by an inept congress.

  • http://afdtk.wordpress.com/ Dan Kline

    Oh, the get it. They engineered it. They just don’t give a sh*t.

  • http://afdtk.wordpress.com/ Dan Kline

    *they

  • braktalk88

    Took the words right out of my mouth BarBara! Not literally of course.

    You rock!

  • http://mdjanb.wordpress.com mdjanb

    Many former Goldman Sachs employees hold top positions in the Obama administration including:
    1. Mark Patterson, a former Goldman Sachs lobbyist, who is the chief of staff to Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner (himself the former president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York).
    2. Reuben Jeffery III, former managing partner at Goldman Sachs, who holds the post of undersecretary of state for economic, business, and agricultural affairs.
    3. Neel Kashkari, former Goldman Sachs vice president, who is the assistant secretary of the treasury for financial stability, responsible for administering the TARP funds.
    4. Dianna Farrell, former financial analyst at Goldman Sachs, who serves as deputy director of the National Economic Council.
    5. Probably many others at lower levels

    Obama also received $960000 in donations from Goldman Sachs during the 2008 election campaign and Obamas former White house council, Greg Craig was just hired by Goldman Sachs to handle their political and legal challenges (defend/cover up suspicious business activities/associations).
    Do you think that the Obama administration with its close associations with Goldman Sachs will be investigated for its possible connection to this current scandal?

    If Obama was serious about financial reform, he would insist on two key congressional committee chairman to step down; Sen. Dodd and Rep. Frank. As we all know these two congressmen were the top government villains in this below prime mortgage debacle. Do Obama and his Congress have no shame, by allowing these two culprits to continue as chairs of the key finance committees chartered to discover and clean up the business mess in this country when they were instrumental (Forced the Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac Government agencies to provide undocumented loans to unqualified low income constituents to assure democratic votes in future elections) in creating the housing bubble that resulted in the infamous business/financial melt down?

  • blackpope

    How about fabulous fab toures during the hearing? I couldn’t help but laugh everytime he spoke…especially when he introduced himself.

  • http://touchofmarla.wordpress.com Marla Louise

    The one thing I saw was there seemed to be no allegiance to any institution or community other than themselves as individuals. They covered their own asses, but at the expense of Goldman Sachs, shareholders, the financial industry, and perhaps even the country.

    IMHO, they reflected basically the worse of what it means to be human.

  • waltwriston

    They get it and they “banked” on it! So now we go from the old way of 0 C’s of credit, now back to the 7 C’s and what up to later? 10-13 “C’s” It’s horrible that the risk return tradeoff of these banks paid off for them and passed the risk and buck onto “the people.”

    The hearings are also a joke! Leaf, leaf….leaf ad infinitium as if there was infinite time just lying around! No, even Goldman cannot concoct time on that scale even with their rigged models, however it can ‘model’ dupes like Levin. Who in my opinion is no McFadden which is what we all need now, not then!

  • http://xuallan.wordpress.com xuallan

    12They get it and they “banked” on it! So now we go from the old way of 0 C’s of credit, now back to the 7 C’s and what up to later?

    http://www.wordpressthemescity.com/

  • chowtaitat

    Goldman Sachs and Republicans are in cahoot together.

  • end2ignorance

    When are the TRUE responsible parties going to finally step-up and admit their role. The TRUE culprits in the current financial crisis is ALL OF US. Not “THEM”.

    Goldman Sachs, and all other financial institutions, gave us exactly what we wanted. A way to get rich quick.

    Greed & Fear are what have always driven financial decisions. Those who had made poor choices & had questionable or bad credit demanded a slice of the real estate pie during the bubble. Legislators eased up lending so that these poor souls could have a chance too.

    Everyone was happy until the party ended. Bank workers were happy, mortgage brokers where happy, contractors were happy, real estate owners were happy, realtors were happy, home improvement stores were happy, HGTV was happy, etc.

    Enough of the “us and them” mentality.

  • dicktracy150

    The problem is Wall Street thinks the Goldman execs did a good job. Dick Bove just said GS is a buy all the way to 200 and Larry Kudluw, Jim Cramer and the rest of the wall street gang were singing GS’s praise all night long yesterday. They just don’t get it.

  • kevyfresh

    I despise these ridiculous commentaries on what people “think” is going on. “spectacular theater?” “run to the restroom to vomit?” Come on. Is this serious commentary?

    Buyers looking to purchase homes ought to know exactly what they can and cannot afford. The government and public need to start looking at themselves to have reform. What happened to honesty? Wall Street reform is a joke, just like the timing of these accusations.

  • dicktracy150

    LOL at those who are still blaming the house buyers for the credit crisis and ignoring the fact that it was wall street that bundled those mortgages into derivatives that multiplied the loses. Without derivatives trading what transpired during the last few years would have just been a housing bubble and not a credit crisis. And it should have been wall street that should have known exactly what they were dealing with and should have paid the penalty. Blankenfein and other TBTF CEO’s getting millions of dollars in salary and bonuses is a travesty.

  • Barbara Kiviat

    I understand the cynicism. I truly do. But I have to say, watching the various hearings being held by the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations has, to a small extent, restored my faith in Congress. Yes, there are a lot of ill-informed partisans running around. But there are also some stand-up people who are really trying to understand what happened and what might help in the future. I’d hold up Delaware Senator Ted Kaufman, whom my colleague Michael Scherer has written about, as a prime example.

  • Barbara Kiviat

    Actually, it is serious commentary. At some point down the road we are going to again start believing in the myth of self-regulation. At that point we should all come back and read this post and remember that institutions forge human behavior. The best system will always be one of checks and balances because people take on the beliefs of their organizations and even deep traumas apparently don’t change that.

  • intelagents

    I respectfully disagree. When these Mortgage Backed Securities were selling like hot-cakes, and I was receiving offers for ridiculous mortgages I could never afford I can remember asking many times, not just WHO was stupid enough to take on such high-risk unaffordable mortgages, but WHO was offering them in the first place.

    You see, there’s a minority in this country that DO try to live within their means, and yes it its very upsetting when you see the hucksters getting bailed out, homeowners getting bailed out, your 401K become near-worthless, and then folks such as yourself telling me I need to accept some responsibility!?! Not gonna happen. We’d like to see Wall Street suffer along with Main Street. Quid pro quo, that’s all.

  • curmudgeon57

    The Epicurean Dealmaker had an interesting commentary on this a while back (http://epicureandealmaker.blogspot.com/2010/01/im-dancing-as-fast-as-i-can.html). He said simply that Wall Street has no interest in such introspection. Now, I agree with very little of what TED says (he is too involved in this culture to be in any sense unbiased), but I think he has a point. Expecting the Squid or anyone else on Wall Street to attempt to understand causality is a lost cause.

    And great work yet again, Barbara.

  • Barbara Kiviat

    Thanks, Curmudgeon. As always, it’s a pleasure.

  • kevyfresh

    dicktracy150, I’m not blaming the home buyers for the credit crisis. All I’m saying is people should look at themselves and know what their own limitations are. Let’s face it, Wall Street is in the business of making money.

  • dicktracy150

    kevyfresh, sure home buyers who exceeded their credit are partially to blame. Wall street is in the business of making money but they are also supposed to keep our economy moving by having money to lend. In simplistic terms, by making and losing exorbitant bets on home prices on borrowed money, Wall street has set back the global economy by several years and their mistakes have resulted in millions of people losing their jobs. If wall street is only in the business of making money thus putting the rest of the economy at risk then the simple solution is to nationalize or severely regulate banks so that they have sufficient money to lend and keep you and me employed.

  • tmmu

    Goldman Sachs correctly recognized the impending problem earlier than other firms, and took corrective actions. If other firms had done the same, the recession would have been far less severe, and the TARP cost significantly less. I listened to the hearings, and did not hear any evidence of wrongdoing on the part of Goldman Sachs.

    Who were the real culprits responsible for the recession?

    The liars: Those who lied about their income or credit status on their mortage application.

    The greedy: The Americans who had mortages on expensive homes far beyond what they could afford.

    The incompetent:
    - The Congress that failed to legislate sensible banking regulations, and encouraged “home ownership” at all costs.
    - The regulators who watched porn while the economy was about to collapse.
    - Poorly managed corporations – Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, AIG, Lehman Brothers etc. They took on too much debt and could not competently manage risk.
    - The rating agencies who failed to recognize the risk of the high risk mortage based securities.

  • horseman64

    I’m not sure what people expected from the ‘grilling’ meted out to Goldman Sachs execs… Do you really think they would raise their right hand and say ‘Yes Senator, we did it, we foisted all this toxic crap on unsuspecting investors, took their money and laughed all the way to the Hamptons”??? No, they did their best imitation of the Governor in “The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas”, dancing their little sidestep. So, of course there was no ‘evidence’ of Goldman Sachs’ wrongdoing during this little dog and pony show.

    GS certainly played their part in the current economic mess, as did every other investment bank, hedge fund and big bank in this and other countries. The ‘tech wreck’ was starving the financial beast and they needed fresh meat, hence the housing bubble. And it didn’t help that the revolving door has created an incestuous relationship with Congress and the Executive Branch.

    Anyone who doesn’t think GS and their peers didn’t do anything wrong is either naive or a shill. Glass-Steagall anyone?

  • guineafighterpilot

    It is amazing the similiarities between the CDO mess of the past decade and the junk bond mess of the 1980′s. Michael Milken of the investment bank Drexel Burnham was able to package very risky junk bonds in such a way that he actually sold them to financial institutions. Very much like selling subprime CDO’s to banks today.

    From the view of society, the Goldman Sachs (and the Drexel Burnham’s) of the world need to be reined in or society will incur the costs of cleaning up the mess they make. But the ultimate cause is the willingness of a lot of people to believe they can get higher yields without any additional risk. The risks may change but there are still risks. “If something appears to be too good to be true, it probably is” is still a good rule to live by. We have a financial literacy problem in this world. Slick salesmen find it too easy to sell manure that has been packaged as candy.

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